Mitral Stenosis and Balloon Valvuloplasty

The mitral valve is the valve that ensures one-way blood flow between the left atrium and the left ventricle. As a result of past episodes of rheumatic fever, the mitral valve can gradually develop stenosis or insufficiency. As a result of stenosis, an insufficient amount of blood can pass from the atrium to the left ventricle, leading to shortness of breath. If left untreated, this condition can lead to arrhythmia, pulmonary hypertension, and right-sided heart failure.

Treatment options vary depending on the degree of stenosis in the valve. In cases of mild stenosis, medication may be sufficient, while for moderate to severe stenosis, two options are available: mitral balloon valvuloplasty or open-heart surgery.

The advantages of mitral balloon valvuloplasty include being performed under local anesthesia and allowing the patient to be discharged more quickly. The primary goal of valvuloplasty is to delay the necessity of mitral valve replacement surgery.